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The M982 Excalibur (previously XM982) is a 155mm extended range guided artillery shell developed by Raytheon Missile Systems and BAE Systems AB. It is a GPS-guided munition capable of being used in close support situations within of friendly troops. The United States plans to procure 7,474 rounds at a FY2015 program cost of $1,934.1m ($258,777 average cost per unit). As of September 2015, nearly 770 Excalibur shells had been fired in combat.〔〔("Raytheon's combat-proven Excalibur moves closer to sea-based application." ) - Raytheon news release, 30 September 2015〕 ==Description== Excalibur was developed as a longer-ranged alternative to conventional artillery shells, with GPS guidance for improved accuracy.〔 Excalibur has a range of approximately depending on configuration, with a circular error probable (CEP) of around to .〔http://www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/logistics_material_readiness/acq_bud_fin/SARs/DEC%202011%20SAR/EXCALIBUR%20-%20SAR%20-%2031%20DEC%202011.pdf〕 The extended range is achieved through the use of folding glide fins, which allow the projectile to glide from the top of a ballistic arc towards the target. The munition was co-developed by United States-based Raytheon Missile Systems (guidance system) and the Swedish BAE Systems Bofors (body, base, ballistics and payload).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=XM982 Excalibur 155mm Precision Guided Extended Range Artillery Projectile )〕 Excalibur is used to minimize collateral damage, for targets beyond the range of standard munitions, for precise firing within of friendly troops, or when firing in a straight line from the launching cannon is limited by terrain.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Big Guns )〕 It has a multi-function fuze that can be programmed to explode in the air, once it hits a hard surface, or after it penetrates inside a target.〔(Picatinny's GPS-guided Excalibur artillery round deemed 'amazingly accurate' by troop ) - Army.mil, 11 September 2008〕 Initial combat experience with Excalibur in Iraq in the summer of 2007 was highly successful, with 92% of rounds falling within of the target. Its performance was so impressive that the U.S. Army planned to increase production to 150 rounds per month from the previous 18 rounds per month.〔Aviation Week & Space Technology, 2007-09-03, page 20〕〔(Swedish missile among U.S. Army's favourites in Iraq ) ''The Local'', 2008-08-22〕 In 2012, Excalibur rounds reached new record ranges in combat of 36 kilometers.〔("US Marines fire Excalibur from record range in Afghanistan." ) ''Space War'', 13 June 2012.〕 Guns that Excalibur is compatible with are the British AS-90 SPG, Swedish Archer Artillery System, South African G6 howitzer, United States M198, M777 Lightweight and M109A6 Paladin self-propelled 155 mm howitzers, and the German Panzerhaubitze 2000.〔http://www.deagel.com/news/German-Army-PzH-2000-Howitzer-Test-Fires-Excalibur-155mm-Artillery-Projectile_n000012199.aspx〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「M982 Excalibur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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